Following the passage of the Selective Service Act and the
registration of approximately 10,000,000 men on June 5, 1917,
the problem of housing had been solved, but only on paper. The
War Department called for sixteen National Army cantonments
having a capacity of roughly 40,000 men each, grounds for
drill, maneuvers and target ranges which would be adequate for
the training needs of such an encampment.
A single track electric railway ran between Des Moines and
Perry, Iowa, inadequate for heavy freight traffic and geared
more for civilian passengers.
By November
24th the buildings that were authorized for Camp Dodge were
completed, which included a base hospital with two officers'
quarters, 129 individual heating plants, a 131,052 foot-long
sewer system, water mains 170,355 feet-long, pumping stations,
and a million-gallon water reservoir. The Civic Center,
centrally located in the camp, was erected with the purpose of
attending to the welfare of the soldiers, containing theatre
with the seating capacity of 3,000. Within this complex was a
Y.M.C.A., a hostess house, a Lutheran Brotherhood building, a
Knights of Columbus auditorium, and a library which was
erected by the American Library Association.
In compliance with the War Department's order, the 88th
Division commenced on August 25, 1917, with Major General
Edward H. PLUMMER assuming command.
Major General PLUMMER was directed to organize the 88th as
follows:
Division
Headquarters
Headquarters
Troop
337th
Machine Gun Battalion
Maj. Wm. J.
O'LOUGHLIN
175th
Infantry Brigade
Bri. Gen
Charles C. BALLOU (never joined the brigade)
349th
Infantry
Maj. Peter J.
HENNESSEY, Col. George E. HOULE, Lt. Col. John J. RYAN
MOTTO:
"Liberty & Rights" Campaign Credit: Alsace, France
350th
Infantry
Maj.
Horace N. MUNRO, Lt. Col. Rush S. WELLS
MOTTO: "Fidelity & Service" Campaign Credit: Alsace,
France
338th
Machine Gun Battalion
Maj.
George R. SOMERVILLE
176th
Infantry Brigade
Brig.
Gen Wm. D. BEACH
351st
Infantry
Maj. R.
B. ELLIS, Lt. Col. James F. McKINLEY
MOTTO: "Toujours Pret" (Always Ready) Campaign Credit:
Alsace, France
352D
Infantry,
Maj. Henry A.
MEYER, Col. Clyde E. HAWKINS
339th
Machine Gun Battalion
Maj. Thos. H.
CUNNINGHAM
163D Field
Artillery Brigade
Brig. Gen.
Stephen M. FOOTE
337th
Field Artillery
Col. George
R. GREENE
MOTTO: "Cedo nulil" (I Yield to None) Campaign Credit:
Steamer without inscription
338th
Field Artillery
Lt. Col
Francis W. HONEYCUTT
MOTTO: "Deo et Patria" (God & Country) Campaign
Credit: Steamer without inscription
339th
Field Artillery
Col. Samuel
C. VESTAL
MOTTO: "Expugnare" (To Conquer) Campaign Credit:
Steamer without inscription
313th
Trench Mortar Battery
313th
Engineers,
Lt. Col.
Robert P. HOWELL
313th
Train Headquarters & Military Police
313th
Ammunition Train,
Lt. Co.
Robert R. WALLACH
MOTTO: "Haec Manus ob Partiam" (This Hand for my
Country) Campaign Credit: Alsace, France
313th
Supply Train, Co.
James P.
HARBESON (division trains)
313th
Sanitary Train
163D Depot
Brigade,
Brig. Gen.
Robert N. GETTY,
Brig. Gen.
Harrison J. PRICE,
Col. Girard
STURTEVANT |
|
All incoming drafted men came through the Depot Brigade before
being permanently assigned to the division. Here, as
applicable, the men saw specialists such as chemists,
psychologists, doctors, and so on. The Depot Brigade also took
care of men physically unfit for combatant branches of the
service prior the discharge.
The Division had been organized by September 5, 1917, almost
complete in officers but without enlisted personnel. On
September 5th the first drafted men began to arrive at Camp
Dodge, coming from Iowa, Minnesota, North Dakota and central
Illinois. They came without any concept of military life.
Initial training
focused on physical drill.
On July 22, 1918, the War Department sent a telegram
containing instruction for the movement of the Division to the
Port of Embarkation. Two detachments left Camp Dodge on the
night of July 28, headed for Camp Upton located at Long
Island, New York. On August 3rd, the Advance School Detachment
sailed across the Atlantic Ocean, arriving at Brest on August
11th, and from there proceeded to Chatillion-sur-Seine, site
of the 3d Corps School. The Advance Detachment and Billeting
Party sailed about the Cunard Liner "Aquitania" on August 6th,
arriving in Liverpool, England on August 12th. After a four
days rest, they landed at Cherbourg, France on August 16th,
and proceeded to Semur, Cote d'Or where they established their
headquarters.
The 349th Infantry
sailed on the White Star Liner "Olympic" on August 9th,
arriving at Southampton England on August 16th, then
proceeding on to Le Havre.
The Regiment Headquarters and Headquarters Company, the 1st
Battalion, Medical Department, and the 350th Machine Gun
Company and 350th Supply Company sailed aboard the H.M.S.
"Delta" on August 11th, arriving at Tilbury- on-Thames August
25th, and Cherbourg on August 29th. On August 15th, the 1st
Battalion Headquarters, Company M of the Supply Company, the
Medical Detachment of the 352D Infantry, and the 337th Machine
Gun Battalion sailed from New York aboard the "Ascanius" of
the Blue Funnel Line, arriving at Liverpool on August 28th,
and at Cherborg on September 1st.
The 339th Machine
Gun Battalion sailed from Philadelphia on August 14th aboard
the Blue Funnel Line "Phens", arriving in Liverpool on August
27th, and at Le Havre on August 30th.
On August 15th, the 3D Battalion and Company G of the 350th
Infantry, and the 338th Machine Gun Battalion sailed from
Hoboken aboard the H.M.S. "Kashmir." The remainder of the
350th Infantry sailed the same day aboard the "Messanabie."
The "Messanabie" and H.M.S. "Kasmir" arrived at Liverpoor on
August 28th, and arrived at Cherbourg on September 1st.
The U.S.S. "Ulysses" sailed in a convoy with "Ascanius" from
Philadelphia with the 2nd Battalion and the the 3D Battalion
of the 351st Infantry [minus Co. M of the 352D Infantry],
landing at Liverpool on August 28th and on to Le Havre on
August 30. Company M of the 352D Infantry sailed from
Philadelphia aboard the "City of Exeter" on August 14th,
arriving in Manchester, England on the 29th and then at Le
Havre August 31st.
The remainder of
the 88th Division embarked as follows:
The remainder of the 351st Infantry sailed aboard the "Saxon"
and the "Scotian", arriving at Liverpool August 28th, then
proceeded on to Cherborg. The 313th Ammunition Train and the
313 Sanitary Train sailed August 18th aboard the "Vedic",
arriving in Liverpool August 31st and at Le Havre September
5th. The 313th Field Signal Battalion sailed August 17 aboard
H.M.S. "Bohemia", arriving in Liverpool August 31st before
proceeding to Le Havre. Division Headquarters, Headquarters
Detachment and Headquarters Troop sailed from Sydney, Nova
Scotia, Canada, August 21st aboard H.M.S. "Demosthenes" and
arrived at Liverpool August 21st and then at Le Havre
September 4th. The 313th Supply Train sailed aboard H.M.S.
"Empress of Britain" on August 23th, arriving at Liverpool
September 4th and at Le Havre on September 7th.
The 163D Field Artillery Brigade and the 313th Trench Mortar
Battery arrived in France [date not provided], but those units
did not join the 88th in France. The 163D Field Artillery
Brigade went into training at Clermont, Ferrand, and Bordeaus,
France, destined to never be sent to the front, and returned
to the United States soon after the armistice was signed.
The entire front was approximately 19 kilometers long with "No
Man's Land" ranging in width from a kilometer at some points
to less than 300 meters at others. This territory had been the
scene of some of the heaviest fighting however both sides had
come to a standstill - facing one another and content to
maintain a defensive stance by the time of the arrival of the
88th. The German troops were Divisions of the Army Detachment
"B" under the command of General V. GUNDELL who maintained
headquarters at Colmar, the 30th Bavarian Reserve Division
under the command of Lieutenant General BERG, and the 44th
Landwehr Division under the command of General D. Inf. KRAUSE.
When the 88th arrived, the entire sector was traversed with
abandoned trenches partially filled with water, caved-in
revetments, and a labyrinth of barbed wire. No Man's Land was
a maze of shell holes and old fortifications, overgrown with
brush and weeds. Upon their arrival, the entire 313th Engineer
Regiment went to work rehabilitating and strengthening the
essential parts of the trench system. The infantry cleaned up
the sector and made the dugouts and trenches habitable.
The first casualties in action occurred during the night of
October 12th-13th when the Germans launched a raid on the 2D
Battalion of the 350th Infantry. During the attack, Captain
Peter V. BRETHORST, Sergeant J. A. HORA, Privates Fred G.
EKSTROM and Clinton F. LESAN of Company F; Privates Willie
LEROY, Fred R. CRESWELL, and Pat MORRIS of Company G were
fatally wounded when they were struck by shrapnel. Eight
enlisted men along with Captain Henry A. HOUSE of Company E
and Captain Orren E. SAFFORD of Company G were captured in No
Man's Land. Approximately eighteen Americans and three
Frenchmen were wounded.
On October 18th the Germans attempted a raid on the 351st
Infantry stationed in Schnoholz Woods, located on a steep
hill. The German raid was completely repulsed within twenty
minutes. During this action Private Edgar L. McCORD of Company
I was killed at his post, and Private Harley MILLER, also of
Company I, was wounded.
The 88th was retired from front line duty in November. The
morale of the troops was excellent, and their fighting ability
had been amply demonstrated in four raids against the enemy.
The Armistice went
into effect at 11 o'clock on November 11th, 1918. The 88th
Division was demobilized in June of 1919, Camp Dodge.
Soldier |
Rank |
88th Division |
Comments |
Last Name |
First Name |
|
Company & Unit |
|
Anderson |
Carl |
Private |
Hradquaters Company, 351st Infantry |
Resdence: Mount Ayr, Iowa |
Anderson |
John |
Private |
Co. H, 349th
Infantry |
Mount Ayr, Iowa |
Baker |
Harold D. |
Cook |
Co. E, 351st Infantry |
born: 14 Mar 1896
died: 24 Jun 1981
buried: St. Paul's Cemetery, Crawford Co. Iowa
Residence: Knowlton, Iowa |
Ball |
Carl V. |
Private |
Co. E, 351st Infantry |
born: 1893
died: 1952
buried: Tingley Cemetery
Residence: RFD 4, Diagonal, Iowa |
Ballard |
Lee F. |
Private |
Co. E, 351st Infantry |
died: Colorado?
Residence: Mount Ayr, Iowa |
Bayless |
Earl |
Private 1st Class |
Co. A, Machine Gun Company |
born: Seattle, Washington
Residence: Kellerton, Iowa |
Black |
Glen J. |
Private 1st Class |
Co. E, 351st
Infantry |
Residence:
Diagonal IA |
Borrusch |
Clyde William |
Private |
Co. E, 351st
Infantry |
born: 36 May 1890
died: 30 Jul 1989,
burial:
Tingley Cemetery, Tingley, Iowa
Residence:
Tingley, Iowa |
Bunner |
Charles Oscar |
Captain |
351st Supply Company |
born: 01 Feb 1873, Indiana
Residence: Evansville, Indiana
died: 06 Dec 1952, Leesburg, Florida |
Burch |
Hiram Adelbert |
Private |
Co. E, 351st
Infantry |
born: 26 Jan 1896
died: 12 Sep 1989
burial: Graceland Cemetery, Creston Iowa
Residence: Diagonal, Iowa |
Coffey |
Alva John |
Corporal |
Co. E, 351st Infantry |
born: 1891
died: 1976
burial: Greenwood Cemetery, Bend Oregon
Residence: Knowlton, Iowa |
Frazee |
Herman |
Private |
Co. B,
313rd Supply
Train |
born: 1898
died: 21 May 1935
burial: Graceland Cemetery, Creston Iowa
Residence:
Knowlton, Iowa |
Hall |
Roy R. |
Private |
Co. E, 351st Infantry |
Residence: Kellerton, Iowa |
Hayes |
Grant L. |
Bd. Sergeant |
Co. E, 351st Infantry |
Residence: Mount Ayr, Iowa |
Huggins |
Asa W. |
Private 1st Class |
Co. E, 351st Infantry |
born: 1891
died:
1976
burial: Rose Hill Cemetery, Mount Ayr ,Iowa
Residence: Mount Ayr, Iowa |
Hunt |
Raymond R. |
Private 1st Class |
Co. E, 351st Infantry |
Residence: Beaconsfield, Iowa
|
Jacobs |
William M. |
Private |
Co. E, 351st Infantry |
Residence: Mount Ayr, Iowa |
King |
Merrill
Stahl |
Sergeant 1st Class |
Co. D,
313rd Engineer Regiment |
born: 18 May 1893
died: 04 Jul 1968
burial: Bethel Cemetery, Diagonal, Iowa
Residence: Mount Ayr, Iowa
|
Leo |
Bryan M. |
Private 1st Class |
Co. A, Machine Gun Company |
Residence: Diagonal, Iowa |
Michael |
Ennis |
Private |
Co. E, 351st Infantry |
Residence: Kellerton,
Iowa |
Millikin |
Jesse Joshua |
Private |
Co. E, 351st Infantry |
born:
18 Jul 1891
died: 24 Nov 1958
burial: Golden Gate National Cemetery, San Bruno CA
Residence:
Diagonal, Iowa |
Murphy |
Fred |
Private |
Co. E, 351st Infantry |
born: 02 Sep 1892
died: 30 Jan 1955
burial: Oakland Cemetery
Ringgold Co., Iowa
Residence: Diagonal, Iowa |
Newton |
Alvin O. |
Private |
Co. F, Machine Gun
Company |
born: 1895
died:
1979
burial: Maple Row Cemetery, Kellerton, Iowa
Residence: Kellerton Iowa |
Payton |
Lewis L. |
Sergeant |
Co. E, 313rd Ammunition
Train |
Residence: Kellerton,
Iowa |
Rusk |
Earl H. |
Corporal |
Co. A, Machine Gun Company |
born: 23 Dec 1896
died: 08 Nov 1956
buried: Rose Hill Cemetery, Mount Ayr, Iowa
Residence: Mount Ayr, Iowa |
Scott |
Charles T. |
Private 1st Class |
Co. E, 351st Infantry |
born: 22 Feb 1896
died: 04 Jun 1982
burial: Benton Cemetery, Ringgold Co., Iowa
Residence: Benton, Iowa
|
Stephens |
Thomas J. |
Private |
Co. E, 351st Infantry |
Residence: Benton, Iowa |
Stuck |
John M. |
Private |
351st Supply
Company |
Residence: Mount Ayr, Iowa |
Ticknor |
James L. |
Private |
Co. E, 351st Infantry |
born: 30 Dec 1888
died: 27 Jun 1962
burial: Union Cemetery, Diagonal, Iowa
Residence: Knowlton, Iowa |
Tillotson |
Albert M. |
Corporal |
Co. A, 313rd Field Signal
Battalion |
Residence: Tingley, Iowa |
Treichler |
Cyril H. |
Private |
351st Supply
Company |
born:28 Feb 1890
died: 03 Oct 1972
Buried: Oliver Cemetery, Ellston IA
Residence: Kellerton, Iowa |
Willy |
Walter M. |
Captain |
Co. A,
Machine Gun Company |
Residence: Flandeaus, South Dakota |
Woods |
Harry F. |
Private |
Co. M, 349th Infantry |
Mount Ayr, Iowa |
An 88th Division
Cemetery, Alsace, France
|